00.16
Blogntech
Abstract:
Hybrid rice has been considered to be as one of the main programs in achieving new superior varieties of rice. This technology composed of three major components, i.e. cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS), maintainer, and restorer lines.
Hybrid rice has been considered to be as one of the main programs in achieving new superior varieties of rice. This technology composed of three major components, i.e. cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS), maintainer, and restorer lines.
At the early stage of its development in Indonesia, hybrid rice program was supported by many introduced CMS lines mainly from China and IRRI. Some lines were identified to be superior lines with high pollen sterility. However, the lines had several weaknesses such as very low natural outcrossing rate, low combining ability, and limited heterosis potential (<15%). Further development of breeding program obtained several CMS lines that were more stable pollen sterility, better natural outcrossing rate, and higher resistence to main pests and diseases. Efforts have to be made to improve quality of CMS lines that are important for continual production of new superior rice in the future. Meanwhile, inconventional approaches, through anther culture technology to produce new CMS lines are still in the early stage of breeding program.
Keywords: Rice, hybrids, cytoplasmic male sterile, varietal improvement.
Yuniati Pieter Munarso
E-mail:yunipieter@yahoo.com
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